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Early detection of prostate cancer

March 22nd, 2010 by admin | Filed under Cancer


Prostate cancer is the growth of abnormal cells in the prostate gland. This gland is only found in males and is about the size of a walnut. It is situated where the bladder joins the urethra.

The cause of prostate cancer is not known and there is currently no clear prevention strategy to reduce the risk of developing this cancer. Apart from non-melanoma skin cancer, prostate cancer is the most common cancer in Australia, with more than 16,000 men diagnosed each year. It affects mostly men in the older age groups and is rare in men under 45 years of age.

The chance of diagnosis is doubled in men who have a close relative diagnosed with prostate cancer. Men with a close relative diagnosed before the age of 60 are at a higher risk than someone whose relative was diagnosed later in life. Men at a greater risk due to family history should talk to their doctor.

There is no single, simple test to detect prostate cancer. It may be suspected by feeling the prostate during a rectal examination by your doctor and by a blood test to see if your prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels are above normal levels for your age.

Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) test is a blood test that measures the level of PSA in your blood. It does not specifically test for cancer. Virtually all PSA is produced by the prostate gland. The normal range for you will vary depending on your age, and a PSA above this range may indicate the possibility of prostate cancer.

Two thirds of cases of elevated PSA are due to noncancerous conditions such as prostatitis and BPH.

Digital Rectal Examination (DRE) involves your doctor inserting a gloved finger into the rectum to feel the prostate gland. Some abnormality may be felt, but it is not possible to feel the entire prostate or a small cancer. One that is out of reach of the finger may be missed.

If either of these tests are positive, other tests are necessary to confirm a diagnosis of prostate cancer. It is likely that a trans-rectal ultrasound (TRUS) and biopsy will be needed.

(Read More on Free Ebook at PDF Format)

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