MEDICAL

Principal components of a health manpower planning process are: identification of current supply; projection of future supply; identification of current requirements; projection of future requirements; and affecting a balance between supply and requirements. Baker points out that it is not the health manpower planner who, in reality, makes decisions intended to bring about a coordinated synchronization between supply and requirements, but policy decision makers at higher levels of government.’ Policy decision makers must be included as integral components in a planning process, rather than merely being recipients of planning information. Effective manpower planning involves an active interchange of planning information among planning specialists and decision makers; otherwise, planning reports developing independently of decision makers are doomed to collect dust on a storage shelf.2-5 Planning information is a vehicle for quantitatively expressing impacts of policy decisions on the supply and requirement of health manpower. The “bottom line” in evaluation of a planning alternative can be viewed as the match between supply and requirements for a particular policy decision. Therefore, an effective health manpower planning process is compelled to closely link planning information generated by planning specialists with policy decisions promulgated by decision making bodies.

What are interpretations of “’supply” and “‘requirements”? “‘Requirements” is defined as the personnel necessary to provide the health services demanded by a state or region’s population. “Demand” refers to the manpower which consumers will use or employ given wages, prices, and income. Requirements are not based on estimates of the number of personnel necessary to attain some desired health status.6 “Supply” of health manpower is defined as the number of full-time equivalent (FTE) employed personnel, coinciding with Altman’s “active supply” of manpower in contrast to a “”potential supply”.7 Potential supply is defined as currently licensed or certified health manpower, and includes both those employed and those not employed.

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