Contents
Case detection
1. What is the role of case detection in tuberculosis control?1 F. Luelmo 3
2. What is a case of tuberculosis?1 F. Luelmo 5
3. What is the role of sputum microscopy in patients attending health facilities? F. Luelmo 7
4. How many bacilli are present in a sputum specimen found positive by smear microscopy? K. Toman [...]

Tuberculosis is a bacterial disease usually affecting the lungs (pulmonary TB). Other parts of the body can also be affected, for example lymph nodes, kidneys, bones, joints, etc. (extrapulmonary TB). Approximately 1,300 cases are reported each year in New York State. Tuberculosis can affect anyone of any age. People with weakened immune systems are at [...]

Despite the fact that osteoporosis is common in older persons (nearly 50% of women and 30-45% of men over the age of 50 are osteopenic or osteoporotic), many patients are not assessed or treated for osteoporosis or falls and fracture reduction [1]. A white woman over the age of 50 has a 50% lifetime risk [...]

Osteoporosis is a medical condition characterized by a reduction in bone mass resulting in weakening of the bone and increased risk of fracture particularly of the vertebra, hip, and wrist. It is estimated in the United States that it affects 10 million individuals and another 18 million individuals are at risk. Of these over 80 [...]

Low-trauma fractures, especially in women over
40 and men over 50 years of age, can be devastating. They often result in deformity, chronic pain, and loss of mobility and independence that sometimes require admission into nursing homes or long-term care facilities. Their profound impact on quality of life has not yet been fully calculated. One-year mortality [...]

On 16 May the Secretary of State, John Hutton, announced that the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP), the Association of British Insurers (ABI), the Association of Personal Injury Lawyers (APIL), and the Department for Constitutional Affairs (DCA) had agreed to work together to urgently identify ways to speed the settlement of claims for those [...]

Current methods of prognosis in mesothelioma include determining tumor stage and histology at the time of surgery. However, these techniques are not completely reliable, and accurate staging usually requires extensive surgery (3,8,9). Recently, we discovered that simple ratios of gene expression levels can be used to accurately diagnose cancer (17) while successfully avoiding many of [...]

Because of the lack of sufficient high-quality evidence on the surgical management of mesothelioma, the Lung Cancer Disease Site Group opinion is that:
• The role of surgery in the management of malignant pleural mesothelioma cannot be precisely defined. Specifically, the lack of randomised controlled clinical trials makes it impossible to determine whether the use of [...]

Why evaluate SHAPP?
When people keep their blood pressure under control, they can potentially avoid the debilitating and expensive complications of CVD: heart attack, stroke, and kidney disease. Although SHAPP advocates have long believed that the program more than pays for itself by preventing these complications, no formal study had been undertaken to prove it.
The Research [...]

More than 10 years of progressive and diverse experience in non-profit agencies focused on the Elder Care Industry. Executive Director with extensive hands-on experience using out-of-the-box programming that improves the quality of life for elders to build their individual strengths utilizing body, mind, heart, and spirit methodology. Excellent written, oral, and interpersonal skills with a [...]

Tuberculosis (TB) has a long history. It was present before the beginning of recorded history and has left its mark on human creativity, music, art, and literature; and has influenced the advance of biomedical sciences and healthcare. Its causative agent, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, may have killed more persons than any other microbial pathogen (Daniel 2006).
Abbreviations
2-DE: two [...]

History of intelligence testing
Intelligence has been more intensely studied than any other behavioral trait. Intelligence tests, first developed in the 19th century, have been so heavily researched, refined, and applied that the ones used today are fair predictors (though by no means complete predictors) of academic and professional achievement. Many scientists believe them to be [...]